OT and IT network infrastructure have similar elements, like switches, routers, and wireless technology. In all cases, modifications to OT devices may be subject to a complex approvals process as any change (even a simple software update) can have numerous cascading effects on the industrial process. They may even be controlled by partners or vendors. Accessing them may be difficult because they might be installed in remote locations or harsh environments. OT devices may need to operate 24/7 without failure, as they control critical infrastructures.Īlso, OT devices and systems aren't updated as often as IT devices and systems and might have numerous software vulnerabilities. They have a much longer lifetime, as industrial sites are built to operate many years or even decades. OT devices tend to be purpose-built, so they generally have specialized software and may run proprietary protocols. They typically run on common operating systems like Windows, iOS, and Linux. IT devices are usually off-the-shelf, replaceable, generally have a lifespan of 3-5 years, and are relatively easy to maintain. The key difference between IT and OT is that IT is centered on an organization's front-end informational activities, while OT is focused on their back-end production (machines). Some such OT examples include ATMs and kiosks, connected buses, trains, and service fleets, weather stations, or a system that allows a city to manage chargers for electric vehicles. Operational technology can also be found in warehouses and in outdoor areas such as parking lots and highways. Robots, industrial control systems (ICS), Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, programmable logic controllers (PLCs), and computer numerical control (CNC) are examples of OT. Businesses engaged in activities such as manufacturing, mining, oil and gas, utilities, and transportation, among many others, rely heavily on OT. OT is for connecting, monitoring, managing, and securing an organization's industrial operations. It's necessary for monitoring, managing, and securing core functions such as email, finance, human resources (HR), and other applications in the data center and cloud. IT is the technology backbone of any organization.
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